نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری آبیاری و زهکشی، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری.
2 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری
3 دانشجوی دکتری آبیاری و زهکشی، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران.
4 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد سازه‌های آبی، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه شهرکرد.
5 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد آبیاری زهکشی، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان و رئیس اداره مهندسی زراعی، سازمان جهاد کشاورزی،
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Background and objectives: The use of modern irrigation systems due to the increase in efficiency and productivity of water consumption is a basic solution compatible with water shortage conditions. The use of proper irrigation methods to maintain food safety and reduce water requirements is a global issue. The most important goals of the implementation of these systems are quantitative and qualitative protection of water and soil resources and sustainability of agricultural production.
Materials and methods: In this study, technical and hydraulic evaluation of seven new irrigation systems (integrated irrigation, Movable Sprinkler Solid-Set Irrigation Systems and Trickle Irrigation) implemented in Shahrekord, Bon and Saman cities in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province was performed. To evaluate integrated and Movable Sprinkler Solid-Set Irrigation Systems, Christiansen uniformity coefficient (CU), distribution uniformity (DU), potential application efficiency of low quarter (PELQ), application efficiency of low quarter (AELQ) in two block scales were experimented and the whole system were calculated. To evaluate drip irrigation systems, uniformity indices of water emission throughout the system (EU), potential application efficiency of low quarter (PELQ), application efficiency of low quarter (AELQ) were calculated.
Results: The results showed that the values of CU, DU, PELQ, AELQ indices for the tested block in integrated and Movable Sprinkler Solid-Set Irrigation Systems were equal to 68.6, 59.38, 46.85 and 58.56 and and for the system, 67.01, 58.48, 45.2 and 56.5. Was calculated. Also, EU, PELQ and AELQ index values for drip irrigation system were 55.62, 51.91 and 53.83. The results showed that the above systems have a good infrastructure and most of the problems of these systems are related to the phase of operation and maintenance of these systems by users.
Conclusion: The main problems of these systems that have led to a decrease in performance evaluation criteria are the deficit irrigation, lack of knowledge of users and lack of training on how to use the system properly (pressure regulation, periodic visits to the system, interest Correct and principled removal, etc.), changes in high pressure and uneven distribution in the system, changing the irrigation cycle, using more sprinklers and non-compliance with the proposed cultivation pattern in accordance with the design booklet and the use of drippers are inappropriate. Therefore, according to the comprehensive review, it is suggested that training courses should be given to farmers by changing the type of system from traditional to modern methods, and farms that are optimal in terms of exploitation should be identified and visited by others.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
)