The Response of Camelina Yield and Yield Components to Different levels of Salinity and Water Deficit in Greenhouse Conditions

Document Type : Complete scientific research article

Authors

1 Corresponding Author, Assistant Prof., Dept. of Water Science and Engineering, Kashmar Higher Education Institute, Kashmar, Iran.

2 . M.Sc. Graduate of Irrigation and Drainage, Dept. of Water Science and Engineering, College of Agriculture, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran

3 Ph.D. Student of Irrigation and Drainage, Dept. of Water Science and Engineering, College of Agriculture, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran

Abstract

Background and objectives: Considering to pivotal role of oil seed plants in sustainable agriculture, investigation the effects of environmental stresses such as salinity and drought stress on grain yield of them is crucial. Due to decrease in quantity and quality of irrigation water resources in arid and semi-arid regions in all over the world especially in Iran, application of deficit irrigation management and usage of saline water in plantation of camelina is inevitable. Therefore, recent study was carried out in aiming to survey the effect of deficit irrigation and different salinity levels on grain yield and water use efficiency of camelina oilseed plant.
Materials and methods: The experiment was conducted as factorial in a form of completely randomized design with three replications in greenhouse conditions in Kashmar region. Experiment factors were three levels of irrigation water including W0=100%, W1=75% and W2=50% water requirement and four salinity levels including S0=0.7, S1=4, S2=8 and S3=12 dS m-1. It is necessary to mentioned that Salinity tolerance threshold of camelina was 3 dSm-1. The treatment providing 100% irrigation water requirement and 0.7 dS m-1 was considered as control. Determination of irrigation water depth for each treatment was done by subtracting the pot weight from the same pot weight in field capacity before each irrigation event. Salinity levels used in this research were prepared though mixing high saline groundwater to fresh water. Biological yield, shoot dry matter and grain yield (in terms of g/plant) were weighted with an accuracy of 0.001 grams. Harvest index was calculated though dividing grain yield to biological yield.
Results: The results of variance analysis showed that effect of salinity on grain yield, biological yield, 1000-seed weight, total dry matter and water use efficiency was significant at 1% probability level (P<0.01). Interaction effect of salinity and irrigation water was significant on ETc and drought stress effect was significant on water use efficiency and ETc at 1% probability level (P<0.01). In all irrigation levels, increase of salinity decreased all the above-mentioned traits, significantly. The highest value of ETc by amount of 231 mm belonged to control treatment and the lowest of it belonged to W2S3 by amount of 90 mm.
The highest value of grain yield, biological yield, 1000-seed yield and total dry matter belonged to witness treatment (W0S0) and was observed by value of 4.48, 18.53, 1.36 and 8.21, respectively. The highest water use efficiency by value of 0.98 kg m-3 was occurred in 50% irrigation water requirement and 0.7 dS m-1 salinity level and the lowest of it was observed in 75 and 100% irrigation water requirement and 12 dS m-1 salinity level by values of 0.69 and 0.54 kg m-3, respectively.
Conclusion:
According to the findings of the present research, it can be said: Camelina plant tolerates drought, but does not tolerate water salinity. Since the use of about 90 to 170 mm of irrigation water in the conditions of deficit irrigation did not cause a significant decrease in camellia seed yield, the rainfed cultivation of this crop in the region where the total annual rainfall averages is more than 150 mm, is recommended. Rainfed cultivation of this plant in many climates of the country can lead to favorable results such as reducing dependence on the import of oilseeds, preserving water resources and optimal use of rainfed farms.

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References

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Journal of Water and Soil Conservation
Volume 32, Issue 1
April 2025
Pages 197-215

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