Experimental Assessment of Discharge Coefficient of Curved Compound Weir-Gate

Document Type : Complete scientific research article

Authors

1 gorgan university of agricultural science and natural resources

2 null

3 Faculty Member

4 student of gorgan university of agricultural science and natural resources

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Compound weirs, as an appropriate solution, can be used for measuring flow discharges with reasonable sensitivity and accuracy in a wide range of flows. However, sediment laden flows will cause problems in their functions. This problem can be coped with trough combining gates and compound weirs. In this research, based on dimensionless parameters obtained from dimensional analysis and using a smart and new method named Gene-Expression Programming (GEP), an equation has been proposed for prediction of discharge coefficient in compound curved weir-gate structures. The aim of this research is investigation of hydraulic characteristics of compound curved weir-gate as well as providing a relationship for prediction of discharge coefficient of these structures, based on the hydraulic and geometric parameters.
Materials and Methods: The experiments were done in a rectangular flume by 9 meter of length and 0.4 meter of width. Then, the obtained data were used to estimate the discharge coefficient. This study has been assessed by using of variations of flow discharge, gate opening, weir opening and angle of curve as parameters of experimental channel. Also, the effects of hydraulic of flow and the geometry of duct were considered in the discharge coefficient estimation. After these, Gene Expression Programming (GEP) was used to set an equation to determine the discharge coefficient with a high accuracy.
Results: The discharge coefficient were calculated by analyzing the obtained experimental data. Next, an equation was determined by method of dimensional analysis and gene expression programming tools to estimate the discharge coefficient by correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.992 and 0.662 for training and testing data, respectively. Furthermore, the findings showed that the most discharge coefficient occurred in the experiment by a_1/b_1 =4/15, where a1 and b1 denoted on gate height and gate length, respectively. Also, increasing trend in discharge coefficient was seen by increasing the Froude number and h/P .
Conclusion: The results show that (GEP) intelligence approach is an adequate model to predict assessment of discharge coefficient of curved compound weir-gate. Also, the results of traditional regression equations were improved using this method. In the other words, the results implied on the ability of the gene expression programming (GEP) to assess the discharge coefficient of this structure compared with regression method. Also, according to the results, the geometric parameters have the main effect on the discharge coefficient of curved compound weir-gate. So, use of the gene expression programming (GEP) is suggested in future studies related to this topic.

Keywords

References

1.Asthana, K.C., Syed Tahir, H., and Syed, Y. 1961. Flow over curved weirs. Water and Energy International, 18: 8. 744-761.
2.Azamathulla, H.Md. 2012. Gene expression programming for prediction of scour depth downstream of sills. J. Hydol.
460-461: 156-159.
3.Azamathulla, H.Md., and Jarrett, R.D. 2013. Use of Gene-Expression Programming to Estimate Manning’s Roughness Coefficient for High Gradient Streams. Water Resour. Manage. 27: 715-729.
4.Bergmann, J.M. 1963. Compound Weir Study. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, United states.
5.Chanson, H. 2003. History of minimum energy loss weirs and culverts. Procceding. XXX IAHR Congress, Thessalonikit Greece, Vol. E.
6.Crookston, B.M., and Tullis, B.P. 2012. Labyrinth weirs: nappe interference and local submergence. J. Irrig. Drain. Eng. ASCE. 138: 8. 757-765.
7.Emamgholizadeh, S., Bateni, S.M., Shahsavani, D., Ashrafi, T., and Ghorbani, H. 2015. Estimation of soil cation exchange capacity using Genetic Expression Programming (GEP) and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS). J. Hydrol. 529: 1590-1600.
8.Ebtehaj, I., Bonakdari, H., Zaji, A.H., Azimi, H., and Sharifi, A. 2015. Gene expression programming to predict the discharge coefficient in rectangular side weirs. Applied Soft Computing, 35: 618-628.
9.Ferreira, C. 2001a. Gene Expression Programming in Problem Solving. In:6th online world conference on Soft Computing in Industrial Applications (Invited tutorial), Pp: 1-22.
10.Ferreira, C. 2001b. Gene Expression Programming: A New Adaptive Algorithm for Solving Problems. Complex Systems, 13: 2. 87-129.
11.Ferreira, C. 2004. Gene expression programming and the evolution of computer programs. Recent Developments in Biologically Inspired Computing, Pp: 82-103.
12.Hassan, F.A., Khassaf, S.I., and Hassan, A.O. 2015. Determining the Coefficient of Discharge due to Flow over Composite Weir and below Gates, DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.33844.86406.
13.Irrigation Training and research Center (ITRC), 2007. Rapid appraisal process. Glenn-Colusa Irrigtion District.
14.Irrigation Training and research Center (ITRC), 2007. Long crested weir design.
15.Jan, C.D., Chang, C.D., and Lee, M.H. 2006. Discussion Design and calibration of a compound sharp-crested weir. J. Hydraul. Eng. ASCE. 132: 8. 868-872.
16.Khassaf, S.I., and Abbas, H.A. 2013. A Study of Flow Over Different Opening of Combined Weirs and Below Gates, Inter. J. Sci. Engin. Res. 4: 10.
17.Kumara, S., Ahmada, Z., and Mansoor, T., and Himanshu, S.K. 2012. Discharginge characteristics of sharp crested weir of curved plan-form. Res. J. Engin. Sci. 1: 4. 16-20.
18.Martinez, J., Recca, J., Morillas,M.T., and Lopez, J.G. 2005. Designand calibration of a compound sharp-crested weir. J. Hydraul. Eng. ASCE. 131: 2. 112-116.
19.McKay, G.R. 1971. Design of Minimum Energey Culverts. Research Report, Dept of Civil Eng, Univ. of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 29p.
20.Muzzammil, M., Alama, J., and Danish, M. 2015. Scour prediction at bridge piers in cohesive bed using Gene Expression Programming. Aquatic Procedia, 4: 789-796.
21.Negm, M.A.A., Al-Brahim, A.M., and Alhamid, B. 2002. Combined free flow over weir and below gates. J. Hydr. Res. 40: 3. 59-365.
22.Samani, J.M.V., and Mazaheri, M. 2009. Combined Flow over Weir and under Gate. J. Hydr. Engin. 135: 3. 224-227.
23.United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR). 1963. Compound weir study, Hydraulic Laboratory Report No. Hyd. 505: 34.
24.Zahiri, A. 2015. Developing formulae for discharge coefficient in curved weirs using Genetic programming. Iran. J. Irrig. Drain. Pp: 323-334.
Journal of Water and Soil Conservation
Volume 27, Issue 3
September and October 2020
Pages 45-63

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics