Effectability of Runoff Generation and Soil Loss from Application of Residual Fine Amendments in Small Experimental Plots

Document Type : Complete scientific research article

Authors

1 Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran

2 Tarbiat Modares University

3 Department of Wood and Pulp Technologies, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran

Abstract

Background and objectives Soil erosion is a major global challenge that its control by appropriate and proportionate methods is necessary. In recent years, various studies have been carried out using amendments and chemical stabilizers to reduce the detrimental effects of runoff and soil erosion. Environmental problems, low efficacy and time-consuming, low availability and high volume requirements have challenged the use of amendments in the usual form. Therefore, due to the proper performance of the amendments to reduce runoff and soil loss, improving the quality of the amendment is inevitable. Nowadays, various wastes are currently produced in important industries, including wood and papermill. In this regard, the fine corrugated and small particles in the effluent of paper mills can be mentioned. Residual fine amendments is a part of fibers that are unavoidably crushed in paper production and recycling processes. Therefore, due to the problems caused by the excessive amount of fines in the process of paper production and the ability to store water in the soil, it seems that it can be used as a natural amendment to reduce runoff and soil loss.
Materials and Methods The present study was carried out to investigate the effectability of runoff generation and soil loss from fine corrugated amendments at small experimental plots. To conduct the study, the soil carried out from the marginal area of the Marzanabad-Kandalous region located in the west of Mazandaran Province. The soil was air-dried and then crossing a 3 mm sieve to put into 50 × 50 cm plots with a height of 30 cm was filled from the bottom to a depth of 18 cm of mineral pumices as a drainage layer and for the top layer of soil 2 and 8 mm. Treatments were studied at three levels of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 )L m-2 (and each with three replications in liquid form and uniform spraying on 18 plots with pure water additive and control (dry) and in laboratory scale under rainfall simulation was performed with intensity of some 70 )mm h-1 (and duration of 30 minutes.
Results The results showed that use of fine amendment with three levels of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 )L m-2 (decreased runoff volumes (p>0.05) and soil losses (p<0.05) of -35, -5, and +15; 47, 84, and 71 % compared to those of the treated plots by fine, respectively.
Discussion and Conclusion The results of this study show that the application of biocompatible amendment from wastewater of papermills is recommended to prevent entering into the water and soil resources in order to reduce runoff generation and soil losses in sensitive areas of the country facilitating sustainable development. It further leads to reduce runoff generation and soil losses in sensitive areas of the country facilitating sustainable development.

Keywords

References

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Journal of Water and Soil Conservation
Volume 27, Issue 2
May and June 2020
Pages 195-207

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