The Effect of Superabsorbent 200A and Potassium Fertilizer on Wheat Yield and Components a Loess Soil

Abstract
Background and Objective: Potassium is one of the constituent elements of soil and plant. some plants are able to absorb about eight percent of there dry weight. Low grain size and high specific surface area (double diffusion layer) prevent potassium from spreading rapidly to the root of the plant. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of superabsorbent polymer A 200 and potassium and rainfed wheat loess soil.
Materials and Methods: In this investigation, the effects of superabsorbent polymer on soil humidity absorption were assessed .The study used a split-plot design format. Main plots were potassium sulfate fertilizer at 2 levels (200 Kg per hectare and no potassium sulfate) and sub plots were superabsorbent at 4 levels (0, 500, 1000, 2000 kg/ha) with4 repetitions. The research was carried out in Gorgan University of Agriculture Sciences and Natural Resources Research Farm located at SeyedMiran during 2014-2015 growing season. Row spacing was 20 cm, used 268/5 kg ha-1 (seeds were drilled manually). Fertilizer rates were based on soil test results and which were added to soil surface before planting and incorporated. Data analysis include the analysis of variance and mean comparisons using LSD and correlation which carried out using SAS software.
Results: Results showed that increasing potassium intake, stem length, straw and grain yield, number of tillers and panicles per square meter was significantly increased. As well as traits such as yield .The use of superabsorbent grain weight, tiller number, number of heads per square meter, number of grains per spike, , stem length and panicle length increased. The use of superabsorbent 200A of 2000 kg per hectare yield by an average of 4489/74kg per hectare The highest grain yield with potassium levels of performance compared to the plots without K, the interaction between potassium. Integrated use of super absorbent polymer and potassium fertilizer is not significant and improves some characteristics, and finally potassium fertilizer and super absorbent polymer yield and the most effective in increasing yield and yield components of wheat, respectively. By increasing potassium uptake, nitrogen uptake and its consumption efficiency increase The correlation between potassium and grains harvesting with grain and straw yield was also high. Correlation between grain yield and straw yield was respectively. 83.0 and 73.0.
Conclusion: soil moisture enhances the diffusion of potassium into root. In addition Increase soil moisture may induce increased microbial activity and decomposition of organic matter increased the concentrations of potassium and nitrogen in the soil.In the study, soil moisture with absorbent enhance the absorption of nitrogen and potassium and increase yield.