Effect of sulfur on some chemical properties of soil and nutrients concentration in wheat grain (Triticum astivum L.)

Document Type : Complete scientific research article

Authors

1 1Assistance professor of Soil and Water Research Institute, AREEO

2 Staff Member, Soil and Water Research Department, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Kermanshah, Iran.

3 Professor of Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Low availability of some nutrients is one of the major factors for the widespread occurrence of plant nutrient deficiency in calcareous soils. Therefore, in order to achieve optimal yield in such soils, the use of sulfur as a correction agent is necessary to reduce the local pH of the soil and increase the solubility of the nutrients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Sulfur effect on some chemical properties of soil (pH, EC, P, S-SO4, Fe and Zn) and nutrients concentration in wheat grain.
Materials and Methods: For this purpose, an experiment was carried out in four sites (Chogha Narges, Mahidasht, Najaf Abad and Ghomsheh) with different levels of available sulfur (7, 13, 18, 27 mg kg-1soil) in Kermanshah Province. Sulfur was applied at 0, 250, 500, and 1000 kg ha-1 as PS using randomized complete block design with three replications in a during cropping season 2015-2016. Seeds of wheat were planted in plots. Before cultivation soils were used and its characteristics were analyzed. Soil samples at tillering, stem elongation and post harvesting stage from each treatment plot was collected for determining pH, EC, P, S-SO4, Fe and Zn. Finally, grain yield and nutrient measurements with conventional methods were measured.
Results: The result showed that PS significantly decreased the soil pH and adversely, increased EC, P, S-SO4, soil DTPA- extractable Fe, and Zn in the Chogha Narges, Mahidasht (p < 0.01) and in Najaf Abad and Ghomsheh (p < 0.05) at tillering, stem elongation and post harvesting stage compared with the control.
The lowest pH and highest EC, P, S-SO4, Fe and Zn value was observed with 1000 kg ha-1 So at stem elongation. After harvesting due to the reduced amount of sulfur oxidation and buffering capacity of soil, pH and nutrients gradually reduced compared with stem elongation stage. However, nutrients concentration in wheat grain was significantly increased with the application of PS compared with the control. The highest nutrients concentration was observed with 1000 kg ha-1 .
Conclusion: The effect of sulfur together with Thiobacillus bacteria on the chemical properties of the soil and the amount of nutrients concentration by wheat was promising, which indicates its good potential for use in agriculture. Thus each calcareous soil has its own potential for elemental sulfur oxidation that related to soil characteristics, and only soil calcium carbonate content is not a suitable criterion for sulfur application in order to improvement nutrient availability.

Keywords

References

1.Abdou, A., Soaud, A.A., Al Darwish, F.H., Saleh, M.E., El-Tarabily, K.A., Sofian-Azirun, M., and Motior, R.M. 2011. Effects of elemental sulfur, phosphorus, micronutrients and Paracoccus versutus on nutrient vailability of calcareous soils. Aust. J. Crop Sci.5: 5. 554-561.
2.Besharati, H., and Rastin, N. 1998. Effect of application Thiobacillus spp. Inoculants and elemental sulfur on pH and phosphorus availability. Iran. J. Soil Water Sci. 13: 6. 23-39. (In Persian)
3.Bouyoucos, G.J. 1962. Hydrometer method improved for making particle size analyses of soils. Agron. J. l54: 5. 464-465.
4.Black, C.A., Evans, D.D., and Dinauer, R.C. 1965. Methods of Soil Analysis. Am. Soc. Agron. Madison, WI. 9: 653-708.
5.Brady, N.C., and Weil, R.R. 2002. The Nature and Properties of Soils. 14nd Ed. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
6.Buresh, R.J., Austin, E.R., and Craswell, E.T. 1982. Analytical methods in N-15 research. Fert. Res. 3: 37-62.
7.El-Fatah, M.S., and Khaled, S.M. 2010. Influence of organic matter and different rates of sulfur and nitrogen on dry matter and mineral composition of wheat plant in new reclaimed sandy Soil. J. Am. Sci. 6: 11. 1078-1084.
8.El-Kholy, A.M., Ali, O.M., El-Sikhry, E.M., and Mohamed, A.L. 2013. Effect of Sulfur application on the availability of some nutrients in Egyptian soils. Egypt. J. Soil Sci. 53: 3. 361-377.
9.El-Tarabily, K.A., Soaud, A.A., Saleh, M.E., and Matsumoto, S. 2006. Isolation and characterization of sulfur oxidizing bacteria, including strains of Rhizobium, from calcareous sandy soils and their effects on nutrient uptake and growth of maize (Zea mays L.). Aust. J. Agric. Res. 57: 1. 101-111.
10.Erdal, Đ., Gülser F., Tüfenkçi, S., Sağlam, M., and Karaca, S. 2000. Influence of sulfur fertilization on corn (Zea mays L.) plant growth and phosphorus uptake in a calcareous soil. YüzüncüYılUniversity. J. Natur. Appl. Sci. 7: 1. 37-42.
11.Erdal, I., Kepenek, K., and Kızılgoz, I. 2004. Effect of elemental sulfur and sulfur containing waste on the iron nutrition of strawberry plants grown in a calcareous soil. Bio. Agric. Hort. 23: 263-272.
12.Erdem, H., Torun, M.B., Erdem, N., Yazıcı, A., Tolay, I., Gunal, E., and Özkutlu, F. 2016. Effects of different forms and doses of sulfur application on wheat. Turk. J. Agric. Food Sci. Tech. 4: 11. 957-961.
13.Fox, R.L., Alson, R.A., and Rhoades, H.F. 1964. Evaluating the sulfur status of soils by plants and soil tests. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 21: 287-292.  
14.Gholami, A., and Ansori, A. 2015. Improved nutrient uptake and growth of maize in response to inoculation with Thiobacillus and Mycorrhiza on an alkaline soil. Comm. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 46: 17. 2111-2126.
15.Gohargani, J. 2015. Effect of sulfur, organic matter and Thiobacillus on availability of micronutrients in canola seeds in a calcareous soil. J. Soil Biol. 3: 1. 73-82. (In Persian)
16.Hashemimajd, K., Mohamadi farani, T., and Jamaati, S. 2012. Effect of elemental sulfur and compost on pH, electrical conductivity and phosphorus availability of one clay soil. Afric. J. Biotech. 11: 6. 1425-1432.
17.Hammad, S.A., El-Hamdi, K.H., Abou El-Soud, M.A., and El-Sanat, G.M.A. 2007. Effect of some soil amendments application on the productivity of wheat and soybean, mobility and availability of nitrogen. J. Agric. Sci. 32: 9. 7953-7965.
18.Janzen, H.H., and Bettany, J.R. 1987. Oxidation of elemental sulfur under field conditions in central Saskatchewan. Can. J. Soil Sci. 67: 609-618.
19.Kalbasi, M., Filsoof, F., and Rezai-Nejad, Y. 1988. Effect of sulfur treatments on yield and uptake of Fe, Zn and Mn by corn, sorghum and soybeans. J. Plant Nutr. 11: 1353-1360.
20.Kaplan, M., and Orman, S. 1998. Effect of elemental sulfur and sulfur containing waste in a calcareous soil in Turkey. J. Plant Nutr. 21: 1655-1665.
21.Khan, M.J., Khan, M.H., Khattak, R.A., and Jan, M.T. 2006. Response of maize to different levels of sulfur. Comm. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 37: 1-2. 41-51.
22.Imran, M., Sajida, P., Amjad, A., and Fayaz, A. 2014. Influence of sulfur rates on phosphorus and sulfur content of miaze crop and its utilization in soil. Intl J. Farm Alli Sci. 3: 11. 1194-1200.
23.Lindsay, W.L., and Norvell, W.A. 1978. Development of a DTPA test for zinc, iron, manganese and copper. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 42: 421-428.
24.Malakouti, M.J., and Keshavarz, P. 2006. A look at the fertility status of Iranian soils (Evaluation and Utilization). 1st edition. Tehran: SanaPress, Iran. 503p. (In Persian)
25.McDonald, G.K., and Mousavvi Nik, M. 2009. Increasing the supply of sulfur increases the grain zinc concentration in bread and durum wheat. UC Davis: The Proceedings of the internationalPlant Nutrition Colloquium XVI. Retrieved: http://escholarship.org/uc/item.
26.McLean, E. 1982. Soil pH and lime requirement. Methods of Soil Analysis- Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological properties. Agronomy Monograph 9.2, Pp: 199-224.
27.Olsen, S.R., Cole, C.V., Watanabe, F.S., and Dean, L.A. 1954. Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. U.S. Department of Agriculture Circular, 939p.
28.Orman, S., and Hüseyin, O. 2012. Effects of sulfur and zinc applications on growth and nutrition of bread wheat in calcareous clay loam soil. Afric. J. Biotech. 11: 13. 3080-3086.
29.Ryan, J., Estefan, G., and Rashid, A. 2007. Soil and Plant Analysis Laboratory Manual, Icarda, 172p.
30.Quin, B.F., and Wood, P.H. 1976. Rapid manual determination of sulfur and phosphorous in plant material. Comm. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 7: 4. 415-425.
31.Safaa, M.M., Khaled, S.M., and Hanan, S. 2013. Effect of elemental sulfur on solubility of soil nutrients and soil heavy metals and their uptake by maize plants. J. Am. Sci.9: 12. 19-24.
32.Soaud, A.A., Al Darwish, F.H., Saleh, M.E., El-Tarabiliy, K.A., Sofian-Azirun, M., and Rahman, M. 2011. Effects of elemental sulfur, phosphorus, micronutrients and Paracoccus versutus on nutrient availability of calcareous soils. Aust. J. Crop Sci. 5: 5. 554-561.
33.Slaton, N.A. 1998. The influence of elemental sulfur amendments on soil chemical properties and Rice growth. University of Arkansas. A dissertation of Doctor of Philosophy.
34.Walkley, A., and Black, I.A. 1934. An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Sci. 37: 1. 29-38.
35.Westerman, R.L. 1990. Soil Testing and Plant Analysis. 3rd edition. Soil Sci Soc. Am, Inc. Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A.
36. Ye, R., Wright, A.L., and McCray, J.M. 2011. Seasonal changes in nutrient availability for sulfur-amended everglades soils under sugarcane. J. Plant Nutr.34: 14. 2095-2113.      
Journal of Water and Soil Conservation
Volume 25, Issue 5
January and February 2019
Pages 265-280

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics